Social and Behavioral Science Research on the Impact of Pornography
9 out of 10 children aged between the ages of 8 and 16 have viewed pornography on the Internet, in most cases unintentionally. (1)
The average age of first Internet exposure to pornography is 11 years old. The largest consumers of Internet pornography are in the 12-17 year-old age group. 80% of 15-17 year olds have had multiple hard-core exposures. (2)
More than 70% of men aged from 18 to 34 years old visit a pornographic site in a typical month. (3)
Psychologist Jennings Bryant conducted a survey involving 600 telephone interviews with males and females who were evenly divided into three age groups: students in junior high school, students in high school, and adults aged 19 to 39 years. Respondents were asked if "exposure to X-rated material had made them want to try anything they saw". Two-thirds of the males reported "wanting to try some of the behavior depicted". Bryant reported that the desire to imitate what is seen in pornography "progressively increases as age of respondents decreases". Among the junior high school students, 72% of the males reported that "they wanted to try some sexual experiment or sexual behavior that they had seen in their initial exposure to X-rated material". (4) Findings of this survey are very disturbing, given the fact that most pornography users were first exposed to the material at an early age.
Regular users of pornography are more likely to think of women in stereotype, (5) as "socially non-discriminating, as hysterically euphoric in response to just about any sexual or pseudosexual stimulation, and as eager to accommodate seemingly any and every sexual request." (6)
In 2002, a professor at a Texas University conducted a study of online pornography consumers (heterosexual men who used pornography via Internet newsgroups). On average, respondents looked at 5 hours and 22 minutes of pornography per week. Respondents were divided into three groups: High consumption (more than 6 hours per week), average (2 to 6 hours per week), and low (2 hours or less). The study found that the more pornography men use, the more likely they are to describe women in sexualized and stereotypically feminine terms. They were also more likely to approve of women in "traditionally female" occupations and to value women who are more submissive and subordinate to men. (7)
The Zillman and Bryant laboratory studies (1986-1988): The question of the research was "What is the effect of prolonged pornography consumption on subjects’ perceptions of their intimate relationships, marriage and family, personal happiness, and sexual satisfaction?". The experiment was undertaken in this way: A pool of male and female subjects, including college students and nonstudents, was divided into two groups. The "Exposure group" watched one hour of nonviolent pornography per week for six weeks. The "Control group" watched an equivalent amount of regular movies. Then all subjects completed a Value-of-Marriage Survey and the Indiana Inventory of Personal Happiness. The results were: -- Subjects in the "Exposure group" showed higher levels of agreement with the following beliefs than the ones in the "Control group": - Promiscuity in men and women is natural and preferable to exclusivity; - One’s sex partners are generally unfaithful; - Extramarital affairs are acceptable; - Restraining one’s sexual impulses leads to health risks; - Male-dominated relationships are preferable to equal relationships. -- Researchers were surprised to find a big drop in the desirability for serious relationships (such as marriage, etc.) among the Exposure group subjects, compared to the Control group (60% versus 39%). -- Exposure to pornography also significantly decreased the subjects’ desire to have children, especially female children.
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